Blog

1/2/2025

Gold and silver jump on haven bid after New Year's terror attacks 

OUTSIDE MARKET DEVELOPMENTS: Terrorist attacks over the New Year holiday have stoked some flight to safety. The New Orleans attacker had “pledged allegiance to ISIS” and there have been reports that he may not have been operating alone.

The Sugar Bowl at the Super Dome was postponed amid risks of a follow-on attack. The Sugar Bowl is slated to be played this afternoon with heightened security measures.

The cybertruck explosion outside the Trump Las Vegas hotel is also being investigated as a terror attack. The FBI is trying to determine if there is any connection between the two attacks.

The dollar index jumped to fresh two-year highs, buoyed by risk aversion and weakness in the euro and pound. The greenback has been trending higher since October as it became increasingly clear that the U.S. economy and stock market were outperforming, which seems likely to continue into the new year.

U.S. economic and labor market strength has resulted in sticky inflation. Consequently, the Fed halved rates cut expectations for 2025 at the December FOMC meeting. This suggests interest rate differentials are likely to remain dollar-favorable.  

The Fed is expected to hold steady on rates at their next meeting on January 28-29. Fed funds futures suggest March could be a hold as well.

The inauguration of President-elect Trump on January 20 is another upcoming event fraught with uncertainty. Trump has pledged to act immediately on trade and immigration. There are worries that his actions could kick off a global trade war, stoke inflation, and undermine growth prospects.

MBA Mortgage Applications fell -10.7% in the week ended 20-Dec and fell -12.6% in the week ended 27-Dec. Mortgage rates have reached a 25-week high of 6.97%, weighing on both refinancing and purchase activity.

Initial Jobless Claims fell 9k to 211k in the week ended 28-Dec, below expectations of 221k, versus a revised 220k in the previous week. Continuing jobless claims slipped to 1,844k in the 21-Dec week, versus a revised 1,896k in the previous week.

JPM/S&P Global Manufacturing PMI was revised up to 49.4 for December, versus a 48.3 preliminary print and 49.7 in November. The net was a modest month-on-month drop and a sixth straight month in contraction below 50. International trade volumes fell for the seventh consecutive month. Business optimism fell to a three-month low.

Construction Spending was unchanged in November, below expectations of +0.3%, versus a revised +0.5% in October. 


GOLD

OVERNIGHT CHANGE THROUGH 6:00 AM CST: +$36.29 (+1.39%)
5-Day Change: +$26.16 (+1.00%)
YTD Range: $2,607.16 - $2,645.29
52-Week Range: $1,986.16 - $2,789.68
Weighted Alpha: +26.38

Gold starts the new year on the bid, stoked by haven interest in the wake of two separate terror attacks in the U.S. and worries that there could be more. Treasuries and the dollar are also benefitting from risk-off sentiment, but gold is shrugging off fresh two-year highs in the dollar index.



Despite today’s gains, the yellow metal remains below the midpoint of the well-defined $2,789.68/$2,541.42 range that dominated the late months of 2024. That midpoint at $2,665.55 corresponds closely with the 16-Dec high at $2,663.89, and the 50-day moving average at $2,659.04.

The latter has already been exceeded and if $2,665.55 gives way as well, a more favorable tone within the range will be established. At that point, renewed tests above $2,700 would be favored.

More substantial chart resistance at $2,723.70 (12-Dec high) stands in front of the record high at $2,789.68. I do view the past several months of consolidation as a continuation pattern within the long-term uptrend. An eventual upside breakout will put gold back on the path for the attainment of the $3,000 objective.

Gold ended 2024 with a 27% gain driven by geopolitical tensions, political uncertainty, central bank buying, and global easing. It was the second consecutive annual gain and the largest since 2010.

Those same fundamental factors are expected to remain driving forces in 2025. However, the recent trimming of Fed rate cut expectations and a strong dollar are seen as headwinds.

On the downside, the low from Monday at $2,597.53 has been reinforced and joins $2,585.51 (19-Dec low) as solid intervening barriers ahead of the range low at $2,541.42.

Silver has been helped by haven interest and the gains in gold today, but remains below the 200-day moving average. Dimmed global growth prospects continue to be a weight on industrial metals, which includes silver.



Despite the downward bias since October, silver still notched a 22% annual gain in 2024. That is pretty impressive given the market is presently below all the major moving averages.

Analysts at Heraeus recently noted that "silver tends to outperform gold in the later stages of bull markets." If that's the case maybe we can infer that silver weakness late in 2024 means the bull market still has legs.

At 90 the gold/silver ratio does indeed suggest that silver is historically undervalued versus gold. Heraeus posits that "a reversion to the 27-year mean ratio of 67 as a result of a rally in silver implies a price of $40/oz.”

That bullish bias is supported by the broad supply/demand dynamics. The ongoing electrification of the world, including persistent demand for solar energy, bodes well for robust industrial demand.

Meanwhile, the Silver Institute projects the 2024 supply deficit will be 182Moz. They believe the market will be in deficit for a fifth straight year in 2025.

I need to see a sustained rebound above $30 to shift back to a more neutral tone within the old range. Such a move would confirm the small double bottom at $28.802/783 and suggest potential back to the $32 zone.

The $32 level must be exceeded to set a more favorable tone. At this point, silver doesn't seem to have the momentum to achieve that level.

The $28.802/783 lows are now a pretty formidable support ahead of the $28.306 Fibonacci level (78.6% retrace of the rally from $26.524 to $34.853) and the September low at $27.732.


Peter A. Grant
Vice President, Senior Metals Strategist
Zaner Metals LLC
Tornado Precious Metals Solutions by Zaner
312-549-9986 Direct/Text
[email protected]
www.ZanerPreciousMetals.com
www.TornadoBullion.com
X: @GrantOnGold
X: @ZanerMetals
Facebook: @ZanerPreciousMetals

Non-Reliance and Risk Disclosure: The opinions expressed here are for general information purposes only and should not be construed as trade recommendations, nor a solicitation of an offer to buy or sell any precious metals product. The material presented is based on information that we consider reliable, but we do not represent that it is accurate, complete, and/or up-to-date, and it should not be relied on as such. Opinions expressed are current as of the time of posting and only represent the views of the author and not those of Zaner Metals LLC unless otherwise expressly noted.

Good morning. The precious metals are higher in early U.S. trading.

U.S. calendar features MBA Mortgage Applications, Initial Jobless Claims, S&P Global Manufacturing PMI, Construction Spending.

12/30/2024

Gold remains defensive in its range heading into year-end. Silver remains weak.

OUTSIDE MARKET DEVELOPMENTS: Thin holiday trade persists into year-end with another holiday-shortened week. Japan and Europe are largely closed tomorrow. All markets are closed on New Year's Day.

Once the holidays are behind us, the market's attention will shift to inauguration day on January 20. Trump has vowed to take swift action on the trade front by initiating sweeping tariffs. Markets are worried that such measures will stoke global trade tensions and weigh on the global economy.

Trump has also pledged to end inflation in the U.S. although how he intends to accomplish that goal is unclear. Other major priorities include; sealing the southern border and negotiating a peace deal between Russia and Ukraine.

Trump's plans to cut taxes, slash burdensome regulations, and shrink the government should positively impact growth. However, many are worried that higher deficits will be the result.

Many of the promises are short on specifics, so there's a fair amount of uncertainty out there. The market will weigh in more decisively as the details come out and it becomes clear whether the new president has the support of the GOP majorities in Congress. 

Chicago PMI fell 3.3 points to a seven-month low of 36.9 in December, below expectations of 42.2, versus 40.2 in November. It was the third straight monthly decline and the 13th consecutive reading below 50.

Dallas Fed Manufacturing Index jumped 6.1 points to a 33-month high of 3.4 in December, well above expectations of -0.4, versus -2.7 in November. That's the first positive reading since April 2022.

Pending Home Sales Index rose 2.2% to 79.0 in November, above expectations of +0.7%, versus 77.3 in October. Despite a four-month climb, the index remains at depressed levels amid persistent housing market headwinds.


GOLD

OVERNIGHT CHANGE THROUGH 6:00 AM CST: -$5.18 (-0.20%)
5-Day Change: -$7.29 (-0.28%)
YTD Range: $1,986.16 - $2,789.68
52-Week Range: $1,812.39 - $2,789.68
Weighted Alpha: +24.59

Gold has slipped to a five-session low weighed by a firmer dollar. Nonetheless, the yellow metal remains within the confines of the well-defined $2,789.68/$2,541.42 range.



With both Treasuries and the dollar rallying and stocks under pressure, today's price action smacks of year-end book squaring. The $2,585.51 low from 19-Dec provides a solid intervening barrier ahead of the range low at $2,541.42.

I do expect the latter to hold into the new year, although gold has been trading heavier than I might have expected. Recent tests below the 100-day moving average are particularly troubling, as is the comparative weakness in silver.

Global gold ETFs saw a net outflow of just 0.2 tonnes in the week ended 27-Dec. Moderate selling by North American investors was largely offset by Asian and European buying.

Regardless of President Trump's initial fiscal policy moves, the U.S. economy remains in a significantly better position than those of Europe, the UK, China, Canada, and others. Investment flows into the U.S. should continue to buoy the dollar and pose a headwind for gold.

While I can't rule out another serious test of the downside with the potential, I still view the consolidation since the $2,789.68 record high as a continuation pattern within the longer-term uptrend. The yellow metal is still up more than 25% YTD, which will be its best annual performance since 2010.

Since 2000, there have only been six losing years for gold.

Chart courtesy of Macrotrends.net

I envision ongoing geopolitical tensions and central bank buying to remain bullish influences on gold in 2025. The ever-growing global debt load continues to provide an incentive for diversification out of currency and into a hard asset.  

A rebound above the midpoint of the range at $2,665.55 would bode well for renewed tests above $2700 with potential back to the record high at $2,789.68. An eventual breach of the latter would boost confidence in the longer-term bullish scenario that favors a challenge of $3,000.

SILVER

OVERNIGHT CHANGE THROUGH 6:00 AM CST: +$0.104 (+0.35%)
5-Day Change: -$0.301 (-1.02%)
YTD Range: $21.945 - $34.853
52-Week Range: $20.704 - $34.853
Weighted Alpha: +18.47

Silver remains defensive below the 200-day moving average as the trade weighs growth risks in China and Europe. The white metal is back within striking distance of the 19-Dec low at $28.783.



Fresh cycle lows would bode well for the anticipated test of the $28.306 Fibonacci level (78.6% retrace of the rally from $26.524 to $34.853). Below that, the September low at $27.732 would be in play.

While silver is still up more than 21% YTD, recent price action has done some damage to the longer-term bullish outlook.



Several more months of choppy consolidation may be in the offing as much of the world looks to revive growth. However, given the broadly positive supply/demand dynamics of the silver market, I continue to believe the uptrend will ultimately re-exert itself. Fresh record highs in gold in 2025 would certainly help the cause.


Peter A. Grant
Vice President, Senior Metals Strategist
Zaner Metals LLC
Tornado Precious Metals Solutions by Zaner
312-549-9986 Direct/Text
[email protected]
www.ZanerPreciousMetals.com
www.TornadoBullion.com
X: @GrantOnGold
X: @ZanerMetals
Facebook: @ZanerPreciousMetals

Non-Reliance and Risk Disclosure: The opinions expressed here are for general information purposes only and should not be construed as trade recommendations, nor a solicitation of an offer to buy or sell any precious metals product. The material presented is based on information that we consider reliable, but we do not represent that it is accurate, complete, and/or up-to-date, and it should not be relied on as such. Opinions expressed are current as of the time of posting and only represent the views of the author and not those of Zaner Metals LLC unless otherwise expressly noted.

Good morning. The precious metals are lower in early U.S. trading.

U.S. calendar features Chicago PMI, Pending Home Sales Index, Dallas Fed Index.

12/26/2024

Gold and silver firm in thin holiday trade on heightened geopolitical risks

OUTSIDE MARKET DEVELOPMENTS: Geopolitical tensions have escalated amid speculation that Russia is responsible for the downing of the Azerbaijan Airlines passenger plane on Wednesday. Some reports suggest that Russian air defenses were engaging Ukrainian drones and the commercial flight was struck inadvertently.

Most European and Canadian markets remain closed for the holidays. Thin trading conditions.are expected to prevail until after the new year.

Once 2025 has begun, the market's focus will shift to the inauguration of President Trump, his initial raft of executive orders, and political priorities associated with trade, immigration, taxes, and fiscal policies.

Initial Jobless Claims fell 1k to 219k in the week ended 21-Dec, below expectations of 222k, versus 220k in the previous week. Continuing jobless claims surged 46k to a three-year high of 1,910k in the 14-Dec week, versus a revised 1,864k in the previous week.

M2 will be released this afternoon.


GOLD

OVERNIGHT CHANGE THROUGH 6:00 AM CST: +$11.82 (+0.45%)
5-Day Change: +$41.43 (+1.60%)
YTD Range: $1,986.16 - $2,789.68
52-Week Range: $1,812.39 - $2,789.68
Weighted Alpha: +25.03

Gold jumped more than 1% in thin holiday trading to set new highs for the week. Reports that Russian air defenses may be responsible for the downing of the Azerbaijan Airlines passenger plane have increased geopolitical tensions. The Kremlin has warned against such speculation until they have conducted a full investigation.



The yellow metal remains confined to the lower half of the well-defined $2,789.68/$2,541.42 range. The midpoint of the range at $2,665.55 corresponds closely with the 50-day moving average and should remain protected for the remainder of this week. The 20-day MA at $2,642.71 provides an intervening barrier.

A move into the upper half of the range in the week ahead would bode well for tests back above $2700 with potential back to the record high at $2,789.68. An eventual resumption of the dominant uptrend is favored in 2025. The next significant upside objective beyond the all-time high is $3,000.

A minor chart point at $2,622.93 now protects the low for this week at $2,608.94. More important support is marked by last week's low at $2,585.51, which stands in front of the range low at $2,541.42.

Silver is engaged in a test of Monday's high at $29.868, bolstered by safe-haven flows into gold. While last week's range breakout and drop below the 200-day moving average leaves the short-term tone bearish, the downside is likely to be limited as long as gold's range is intact.

 
The white metal has been stymied by global growth concerns and yet silver is poised to end the year with a 25% gain, similar to that of gold. If gold's uptrend resumes in 2025, so too should silver's.

It would take improved global growth prospects to set silver up to outperform in the year ahead. While the U.S. economy remains resilient, concerns about China and Europe are likely to persist and provide headwinds for silver and other commodities.

It would take a sustained rebound above $30 to shift back to a more neutral tone. The $32 level must be exceeded to set a more favorable tone within the old range. That seems unlikely given another holiday week ahead of us.

A breach of last week's low at $28.783 would clear the way for a challenge of the $28.306 Fibonacci level (78.6% retrace of the rally from $26.524 to $34.853). Below that, the September low at $27.732 would be the likely attraction.


Peter A. Grant
Vice President, Senior Metals Strategist
Zaner Metals LLC
Tornado Precious Metals Solutions by Zaner
312-549-9986 Direct/Text
[email protected]
www.ZanerPreciousMetals.com
www.TornadoBullion.com
X: @GrantOnGold
X: @ZanerMetals
Facebook: @ZanerPreciousMetals

Non-Reliance and Risk Disclosure: The opinions expressed here are for general information purposes only and should not be construed as trade recommendations, nor a solicitation of an offer to buy or sell any precious metals product. The material presented is based on information that we consider reliable, but we do not represent that it is accurate, complete, and/or up-to-date, and it should not be relied on as such. Opinions expressed are current as of the time of posting and only represent the views of the author and not those of Zaner Metals LLC unless otherwise expressly noted.

Good morning. The precious metals are mixed in early holiday-thinned U.S. trading.

UK and Canadian markets closed for Boxing Day.

U.S. calendar features Initial Jobless Claims, M2.

12/19/2024

Gold remains defensive after the post-Fed plunge, but the range is intact

OUTSIDE MARKET DEVELOPMENTS: Yesterday's FOMC decision was widely anticipated to be a 25 bps  'hawkish cut," but the forward guidance was more hawkish than expected. Members halved their projections for additional easing in 2025 from 100 bps to just 50 bps.

"From here, it's a new phase and we're going to be cautious about further cuts," said Fed Chairman Powell. Fed funds futures are now suggesting the Fed is on hold until June.

The dollar surged, while Treasuries, stocks, and precious metals tumbled. While some markets retraced a portion of yesterday's moves, the greenback remains on the bid.

In other central bank news: The BoJ refrained from another rate hike. The BoE and Norges Bank held steady. Sweden's Riksbank cut by 25 bps. All of these moves were in line with expectations.

Markets will shift into holiday mode after tomorrow's economic releases but traders will continue to ruminate on the Fed's forward guidance and the implications for interest rate differentials through the upcoming holiday weeks. I think they will conclude that this week's events are generally favorable for the dollar.

Philly Fed Index tumbled 10.9 points to a 20-month low of -16.4 in December, well below expectations of 2.5, versus -5.5 in November. New orders and shipments indexes fell into negative territory but "indicators for future activity continue to suggest widespread expectations for growth over the next six months," according to the report.

Q3 GDP (3rd report) was revised to 3.1%, above expectations of 2.9%, versus 2.8% in initial reports and 3.0% in Q2. This bolsters the Fed's assessment that the economy remains resilient.

Initial Jobless Claims fell 22k to 220k in the week ended 14-Dec, below expectations of 231k, versus 242k in the previous week. Continuing claims fell 12k to 1874k in the week ended 7-Dec from 1886k in the previous week.

Leading Indicators rose 0.3% to 99.7 in November, above expectations of -0.1%, versus -0.4% in October. It was the first monthly rise since Feb'22.

Existing Home Sales jumped 4.8% to 4.150M in November, above expectations of 4.092M. versus 3.960M in October. The median sales price dipped $700 to $406,100 versus a revised $406,800 in October. Prices are down $20,800 from June's record high of $426,900.


GOLD

OVERNIGHT CHANGE THROUGH 6:00 AM CST: +$30.18 (+1.17%)
5-Day Change: -$79.16 (-2.95%)
YTD Range: $1,986.16 - $2,789.68
52-Week Range: $1,812.39 - $2,789.68
Weighted Alpha: +24.08

Gold tumbled to a four-week low of $2,585.51 after the Fed's forward guidance for next year came in less dovish than expected. The yellow metal staged a pretty respectable rebound in overseas trading today, but sellers came back in above $2620. While gold is still up 25% YTD hopes for a 30%+ annual gain have been dented.



So far, the well-defined $2,789.68/$2,541.42 range remains intact. My favored scenario called for range trading to prevail into year-end. That's still a possibility but a more bearish tone has emerged, leaving the $2,541.42 low vulnerable to a test.

The violations of the 100-day and 20-week moving averages are troubling for the bull camp. Gold hasn't been below these indicators for more than a year. Dollar strength also poses a significant headwind.

If the $2,541.42 low is penetrated, focus would shift to the $2,482.74 Fibonacci level (38.2% retracement of the rally from $1,986.16 to the $2,789.68 record high). This support is bolstered by the rising 200-day moving average, which is at $2,470.34 today.

Despite recent price action, the long-term trend remains bullish. JPMorgan Chase recently projected that gold could reach $3,000 in 2025. Central bank gold demand has been a major driving force behind the rally and  Goldman Sach doesn't see that slowing down,

A rebound back above the midpoint of the range at $2,665.55 would ease pressure on the downside. That would put gold back above the 20-day moving and close to the 50-day MA ($2,670,07 today).

Silver plunged to three-month lows on Wednesday, weighed by a less dovish Fed and the resulting strength in yields and the dollar. With today's downside extension, the white metal has traded lower in six of the past seven sessions.



With the range violated and silver trading below the 200-day moving average for the first time since March. As noted in yesterday's commentary, the next level of significant support is the $28.306 Fibonacci level (78.6% retrace of the rally from $26.524 to $34.853). Below that, the September low at $27.732 would be the attraction.

Short-term upticks are likely to be viewed as selling opportunities. It would take a rebound above $30 to shift back to a more neutral tone, and a rise above $32 to set a more favorable tone within the old range. That seems unlikely heading into the holiday weeks.


Peter A. Grant
Vice President, Senior Metals Strategist
Zaner Metals LLC
Tornado Precious Metals Solutions by Zaner
312-549-9986 Direct/Text
[email protected]
www.ZanerPreciousMetals.com
www.TornadoBullion.com
X: @GrantOnGold
X: @ZanerMetals
Facebook: @ZanerPreciousMetals

Non-Reliance and Risk Disclosure: The opinions expressed here are for general information purposes only and should not be construed as trade recommendations, nor a solicitation of an offer to buy or sell any precious metals product. The material presented is based on information that we consider reliable, but we do not represent that it is accurate, complete, and/or up-to-date, and it should not be relied on as such. Opinions expressed are current as of the time of posting and only represent the views of the author and not those of Zaner Metals LLC unless otherwise expressly noted.

12/18/2024

Gold and silver remain range-bound with all eyes on the Fed

OUTSIDE MARKET DEVELOPMENTS: All eyes are on the Fed today in anticipation of a third consecutive easing to round out the year. A 25 bps cut is widely expected, resulting in 100 bps of cumulative easing since September.

The market is particularly interested in the Fed's forward guidance for 2025, given the generally resilient economy and the fact that inflation remains above the 2% target. There had been some tapering of easing expectations for next year recently, although a bid in Treasuries heading into the decision suggests some unwinding is happening. A pause is still favored for January.

I look for the forward guidance to emphasize data dependency, striking a cautious tone about sticky inflation. Call it neutral with a slight hawkish tilt. The dots are likely to edge toward 75 bps in additional cuts in the year ahead. 

Any over-emphasis on inflation or dots below 75 bps for next year would be positive for the dollar. On the other hand,  a more dovish tilt (unlikely) would weigh on the dollar.

The BoE will announce policy tomorrow and is likely to hold the bank rate at 4.75%, amid heightened inflation worries. Governor Bailey signaled last month that the UK budget is likely to stoke inflation.

The BoJ will announce policy tomorrow (our tonight). While the BoJ is the odd man out with a tightening bias, global and regional uncertainty is likely to result in a hold. The BoJ took rates above the zero-bound for the first time in 14 years in March. It was the first rate hike in 17 years. A follow-on hike in July brought the policy rate to 0.25%, a level not seen since February 1999.

MBA Mortgage Applications fell 0.7% in the week ended 13-Dec, correcting gains seen in the previous two weeks. The 30-year mortgage rate rebounded to 6.75%, versus 6.67% in the previous week.

Housing Starts fell 1.8% to 1.289M in November, below expectations 1.344M, versus a revised 1.312M in October (was 1.311M). That's the weakest pace since July. Multifamily starts plunged 23.2%. High mortgage rates remain a headwind.

Current Account Balance widened to a record deficit of -$310.9 bln in Q3, outside expectations of -$284.0 bln, versus a revised -$275.0 bln in Q2 (was -$266.8 bln). 


GOLD

OVERNIGHT CHANGE THROUGH 6:00 AM CST: +$0.35 (+0.01%)
5-Day Change: -$74.81 (-2.75%)
YTD Range: $1,986.16 - $2,789.68
52-Week Range: $1,812.39 - $2,789.68
Weighted Alpha: +26.84

Gold slipped to a new low for the week, but remains broadly consolidative awaiting this afternoon's Fed decision. The market is not expecting any big surprises, perhaps just a slightly more hawkish tilt in the forward guidance.

 

While I expect the well-defined $2,789.68/$2,541.42 range to hold, we are in the lower half of that range and recent probes into the upper half have proven to be unsustainable. The lows from the past three weeks at $2,628.79/$2,617.65/$2,609.76 provide a solid intervening barrier ahead of the $2,541.42 cycle low.

On the upside, Monday's high at $2,63.89 needs to be negated to clear the way for renewed tests above $2,700. The $2,719.75/$2.723.70 highs are the key to unlocking a challenge of the $2,789.68 record high.

SILVER

OVERNIGHT CHANGE THROUGH 6:00 AM CST: -$0.169 (-0.55%)
5-Day Change: -$1.578 (-4.95%)
YTD Range: $21.945 - $34.853
52-Week Range: $20.704 - $34.853
Weighted Alpha: +21.79

Silver remains defensive in advance of the Fed decision. The low from early December at $30.08 is intact thus far, keeping the more important $29.736/703 lows at bay, but the downside is seen as vulnerable.



A dip below $30.080/00 would clear the way for a challenge of those lows, with the potential to extend to the 200-day moving average at $29.601. Below the latter, the next level of significant support is the $28.306 Fibonacci level.

Fresh highs for the week above $30.724 would set a more favorable short-term tone, suggesting initial potential to Friday's high at $31.088. Penetration of the latter would bode well for tests back above $32.00.


Peter A. Grant
Vice President, Senior Metals Strategist
Zaner Metals LLC
Tornado Precious Metals Solutions by Zaner
312-549-9986 Direct/Text
[email protected]
www.ZanerPreciousMetals.com
www.TornadoBullion.com
X: @GrantOnGold
X: @ZanerMetals
Facebook: @ZanerPreciousMetals

Non-Reliance and Risk Disclosure: The opinions expressed here are for general information purposes only and should not be construed as trade recommendations, nor a solicitation of an offer to buy or sell any precious metals product. The material presented is based on information that we consider reliable, but we do not represent that it is accurate, complete, and/or up-to-date, and it should not be relied on as such. Opinions expressed are current as of the time of posting and only represent the views of the author and not those of Zaner Metals LLC unless otherwise expressly noted.